FINAL PROJECT PART 2: APPLYING RESEARCH TO A CASE STUDY

FINAL PROJECT PART 2: APPLYING RESEARCH TO A CASE STUDY

FINAL PROJECT PART 2: APPLYING RESEARCH TO A CASE STUDY

Research question

Is Prolonged exposure therapy effective in treating military personnel with PTSD?

Identifying Relevant Research

A literature search was performed using the online databases available through the Walden Library. The keywords employed in this study encompassed “exposure therapy,” “post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD),” and “military personnel.” The search articles were limited by applying the peer-reviewed publication filter, ensuring that only reputable and pertinent sources were included in the selection. A total of forty-five articles were acquired. Further filters were employed to decrease the number of sources, including the restriction to solely complete publications, published within the last decade in the English language. Furthermore, the exclusion of meta-analysis and systematic review articles was observed. The number of articles in the search results was limited to six. Among the six articles, three were selected for review.

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Article 1

Dell, L., Sbisa, A. M., Forbes, A., O’Donnell, M., Bryant, R., Hodson, S., Morton, D., Battersby, M., Tuerk, P. W., Wallace, D., & Forbes, D. (2022). Effect of massed v. standard prolonged exposure therapy on PTSD in military personnel and veterans: a non-inferiority randomized controlled trial. Psychological Medicine, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0033291722000927

Summary

Dell et al. (2022) employed a qualitative research design and utilized a non-inferiority randomized controlled trial (RCT) to assess the effectiveness of a 2-week massed prolonged exposure (MPE) therapy, in comparison to the standard 10-week prolonged exposure (SPE) therapy, which is currently considered the gold standard treatment. The study was conducted as a single-blinded, multi-site, non-inferiority randomized controlled trial (RCT) in twelve health clinics located throughout Australia. The main measure of interest in this study was the severity of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, which was assessed using the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5 (CAPS-5) at the 12-week mark. The results indicate that MPE was not inferior to SPE in effectively reducing symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The findings of this study suggest that MPE (Mindfulness-Based Psychotherapy for Eating Disorders) demonstrates promising outcomes in terms of symptom severity reduction, low rates of treatment discontinuation, and remission of the diagnosed condition. These results indicate that MPE may be considered a viable, easily accessible, and efficacious therapeutic approach. The findings illustrate the importance of regularly considering innovative approaches to delivering evidence-based treatments for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

Article 2

Bourassa, K. J., Smolenski, D. J., Edwards-Stewart, A., Campbell, S. B., Reger, G. M., & Norr, A. M. (2020). The impact of prolonged exposure therapy on social support and PTSD symptoms. Journal of Affective Disorders, 260, 410–417. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2019.09.036‌

Summary  

Bourassa et al. (2020) used a quantitative study strategy to examine how exposure treatment affected how people perceived social support. Additionally, throughout the course of therapy, the researchers looked at the temporal association between social support and the reduction of PTSD-related symptoms. A total of 162 soldiers who had been diagnosed with PTSD were randomized at random to either receive extended exposure treatment or a waitlist control condition. The study was done by the researchers to find out how the therapy affected people’s perceptions of social support, which was one of the treatment’s secondary outcomes. They also looked at how post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms and social support interrelate with time. The study’s conclusions showed that, in contrast to those who were put on a waitlist control, people receiving treatment reported much more felt social support when exposure therapy was used. The results of this research suggest that using exposure treatment is linked to a more positive feeling of social support. This connection might represent a possible method through which post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms could be successfully treated (PTSD).

Article 3

Schnurr, P. P., Chard, K. M., Ruzek, J. I., Chow, B. K., Resick, P. A., Foa, E. B., Marx, B. P., Friedman, M. J., Bovin, M. J., Caudle, K. L., Castillo, D., Curry, K. T., Hollifield, M., Huang, G. D., Chee, C. L., Astin, M. C., Dickstein, B., Renner, K., Clancy, C. P., & Collie, C. (2022). Comparison of Prolonged Exposure vs Cognitive Processing Therapy for Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Among US Veterans. JAMA Network Open, 5(1), e2136921. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.36921

Summary 

Schnurr et al. (2022) conducted qualitative research to assess the efficacy of cognitive processing therapy (CPT) against extended exposure (PE) in the treatment of PTSD in veterans. From October 31, 2014, to February 1, 2018, with follow-up continuing through February 1, 2019, this randomized clinical trial compared the effectiveness of PE vs. CPT for veterans with military-related PTSD who were enrolled in outpatient mental health clinics at 17 Department of Veterans Affairs medical facilities across the US. This randomized clinical study discovered that although PE was statistically superior to CPT, there was no clinically significant difference between the two, and both therapy groups saw notable improvements in PTSD. These results emphasize the value of collaborative decision-making in assisting patients in comprehending the available data and choosing the course of therapy that best suits them.

References

Bourassa, K. J., Smolenski, D. J., Edwards-Stewart, A., Campbell, S. B., Reger, G. M., & Norr, A. M. (2020). The impact of prolonged exposure therapy on social support and PTSD symptoms. Journal of Affective Disorders, 260, 410–417. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2019.09.036‌

Dell, L., Sbisa, A. M., Forbes, A., O’Donnell, M., Bryant, R., Hodson, S., Morton, D., Battersby, M., Tuerk, P. W., Wallace, D., & Forbes, D. (2022). Effect of massed v. standard prolonged exposure therapy on PTSD in military personnel and veterans: a non-inferiority randomized controlled trial. Psychological Medicine, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0033291722000927

Schnurr, P. P., Chard, K. M., Ruzek, J. I., Chow, B. K., Resick, P. A., Foa, E. B., Marx, B. P., Friedman, M. J., Bovin, M. J., Caudle, K. L., Castillo, D., Curry, K. T., Hollifield, M., Huang, G. D., Chee, C. L., Astin, M. C., Dickstein, B., Renner, K., Clancy, C. P., & Collie, C. (2022). Comparison of Prolonged Exposure vs Cognitive Processing Therapy for Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Among US Veterans. JAMA Network Open, 5(1), e2136921. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.36921

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To Prepare

• Review the media program, Final Project Worksheet Part 2, and consider your next steps for Part 2 of the Final Project assignment.
• Review the feedback you received on Part 1 of the Final Project submitted in Week 5 and use the template for Part 2 to complete this Final Project assignment. FeedBack: The first step in conducting research is to clearly identify your subject(s), the presenting problem and the mental health concern. In addition, by clearly identifying the area of research and the intervention(s), you can proceed with a clear research question. The research question is vital to helping you identify professional literature to help answer the question!
• Incorporate any feedback you received on Part 1 from your Instructor during Week 5.
• Search the Walden Library and choose three articles that relate to the intervention and mental health issue that you chose for your Final Project using the criteria below:
  • Three current (last 10 years) and peer-reviewed articles from professional counseling journals.
  • Include at least one quantitative and one qualitative research design.
  • Do NOT use meta-analysis type articles.
  • Verify that the research is not outside of the scope of practice for a professional counselor.
• For each article you chose, be sure to include:
  • A complete citation of the article
  • The methodology used in each article
  • A PDF of each article selected. See the directions below on how to submit.

Required Readings

• Balkin, R. S., & Kleist, D. M. (2017). Counseling research: A practitioner-scholar approach. Alexandria, VA: American Counseling AssociationLinks to an external site..
  • Chapter 8, “Examining Differences Within Groups and Single-Case Research Designs”
  • Chapter 9, “Synthesizing Research Results Using Meta-Analysis”
• Caruth, G. g. (2013). Demystifying mixed methods research design: A review of the literatureLinks to an external site.. Mevlana International Journal Of Education, 3(2),122. doi:10.13054/mije.13.35.3.2.
• Foster, L. H., Watson, T. S., Meeks, C., & Young, J. S. (2002). Single-subject research design for school counselors: Becoming an applied researcherLinks to an external site.. Professional School Counseling, 6(2), 146.
• Walden University Course Guides (2017). COUN 6626 Research Methodology and Program EvaluationLinks to an external site.: Week 7. Retrieved from http://academicguides.waldenu.edu/coun6626
• Walden University Library. (n.d.). PDF help: SavingLinks to an external site.. https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/library/pdfhelp/saving